Dyslexia is a learning disability in reading. A learning disability is not associated with a low IQ; instead, it is a difficulty with specific skills such as reading, writing or math. Within those subjects, a learning disorder will be further described. For example, with a Specific Learning Disorder in reading could be with comprehension or with word level reading. Years ago, a Specific Learning Disorder in word level reading was simply called dyslexia ("dys" meaning difficult and "lexia" meaning words).
There is some controversy and confusion regarding the use of the term "dyslexia". Your child may be diagnosed with a Specific Learning Disorder (often called a learning disability) with impairment in word level reading while another psychologist would label the same difficulties as dyslexia. You can read more about the two terms here.
What are some common myths about Dyslexia?
There is a lot of misinformation circling around about dyslexia. An internet search can very easily lead you in the wrong direction.
BE AWARE
Eye therapy does not help dyslexia.
People with dyslexia do not see words backwards or see letters moving.
Coloured paper does not help dyslexia.
Special fonts do not help dyslexia.
You can read about the many myths associated with Dyslexia here. These myths are debunked with research by Dr. Nadine Gaab, a well-respected researcher with the Harvard Graduate School of Education.